Originally the supporters of James VII (1633 -17O1) after he was deposed by William III (1650 - 1702) and his wife, Mary (1662-94), in 1688, the derivation of the word is from 'Jacobus', the Latin for James. Undoubtedly the term was used pejoratively by their enemies. Thus, just as in the Bible, Jacob had deceived his father, Isaac, so James VII and his wife, Mary of Modena (1658-1718), had tricked their British subjects by smuggling a child into the royal palace at the time of the birth of their son, James, the Old Pretender (1688-1766). At least this was the Whig version of the event. Support for the Stewart cause continued to exist in the north and northeast of Scotland, as the various Jacobite rebellions testify, until the decisive defeat at Culloden in 1746. Thereafter, as the economic advantages of the Treaty of Union became more apparent and the anti-Jacobite measures taken by the government began to take effect, Jacobitism gradually withered away.